Photo: Richard Holmgren. The weather has always been my presumption and especially after experiencing the freezing winds on Kholat. In archaeology, I have dealtwith several excavations where the understanding of a certain mythwasinescapable. Ill do my best - have lenience. In the case of the Santa Ana, for example, the wind can (but does not always) become hot by the time it reaches sea level. I didnt expect to see such a logical explanation, and seeing as how you followed in the footsteps of their journey, very credible. You are a good person like Paul Jorion . Strong wind is already present. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Water in bottles freezes quite fast, despite continuous movement and a cup of tea didnt always satisfy our needs in the same way. The others eventually managed to getthe two bivouacs ready for use. WebKatabatic winds typically occur in the lowermost tens or a few hundreds of meters of the atmosphere; the height of the maximum wind speed is sometimes just a few meters [Barry,2008]butsometimesitis100200m[Argentinietal., 1996]. In the Fuegian Archipelago (Tierra del Fuego) in South America as well as in Alaska in North America, a wind known as a williwaw is a particular danger to harboring vessels. Rossija Segodnja (RIA Novosti, Russia) - Swedish researchers report on the phenomenon that killed the Dyatlov group, (17 February 2019) . Lnk: https://sverigesradio.se/avsnitt/1231912 (26)Gnter Wolf is an accredited physicist from Germany. However and with regard to the sky,katabatic winds couldindeed explain sudden crashes of low flying planes in the region, were falling winds are one of the most unpredictable and dangerous occurrencesassociated to such ventures. Rix FM med Martina Thun - "Mysteriet vid Djatlovpasset", 18 mars 2021. Buthopefully the ideas canprovide a general outline of aperhapsrather commonsensicalevent. Lnk 2 (11)One thing that I want to mention in thiscircumstance, regards the angle of the pitched Dyatlov tent. Moncrieff, (author of mystery & suspense novels) - Modern Dyatlov Pass survivors tell their story, (27 February 2019) Thanks for you question! I have been interested in the Dyatlov Pass since listening to a podcast a few years back. Even though the Dyatlov accident could be considered somewhatrecent for an archaeological undertaking - notthe least in the absence offield artefacts- thehistorical event could perhaps beunderstood through indirectartefacts and other circumstantial evidence such as being part of legend making. In experiencing the same preconditions, we hoped to get a sober idea of what the group went throughbefore their last night. However, no matter the experience, people still die when performing extreme ventures like climbing and hiking. Katabatic Winds Unlike anabatic wind which is an upslope wind, katabatic winds are downslope winds. kl. The problem with Dyatloc case is what we are trying to explain with what is already proven because all speculations made otherwise are not considered science , and nothing could be further from the truth ! Photos: Dyatlov Foundation / Richard Holmgren. The only problem in this case involvedthe practice of packing down the daily clothing into the sleeping bags during the nightsin order to have warm clothes in the morning. . Assuch it doesnt necessarily differ that much from the relationship between the factualremains of the bishopric of Sodoma and the storyit was based on the legend of Sodom and Gomorrahthat is. Are Katabatic winds hours long? In my mind this gave me wings since DEDUCTION and INDUCTION were mutually confirming !! But it will always be up to the viewers to decide. 17),showing the abandoned tent from northwest, clearly demonstratespatterns ofheavily wind swept snow,where vortexes of wind havehollowed out scoop-shaped cavities - in Russian so calledzastrugi(). Discover Magazine - "The Dyatlov Pass Incident: Can Science Explain What Happened to the Hikers? Thank you for sharing your brave experiences and for such an insightful and respectful piece written in memory of the 9 lost souls. These are comparable to so calledzastrugi or in Russian,. In California, strong katabatic wind events have been responsible for the explosive growth of many wildfires, including the 2018 Camp Fire and the 2020 North Complex. For a brief expositiononthe course of events -. In the end - exhausted and looking for a last solution, perhaps theytried toclimbthe cedarwith frozen limbs,trying to get a glimpse of the tent with its glowing flashlight. Many thanks also toYury Kuntsevich,the head of the Yekaterinburg-based Dyatlov Foundation, for providing a safe heaven for Dyatlov-group relatedmaterial - not least for all the help inprovidingour new Swedish documentary with relevant photos. In this instance it might explain peculiarities in decisions and behavior. Yes, the tent would have been better secured with the group inside, but the cooling effect under a gravity wind would eventually have killed them. ), we can assume that they were somewhat late in pitching their tent perhaps due to a rather exhausting climb and late morning departure, but still felt in control regardless oftheweather. The two men must have fought the worst since the making of a bonfire (as a backup to the bivouac solution) would have been a tremendous challenge in the cold strong wind. The ancient city of Petra in Jordan. The missing eyes and a tongue,should be considered a natural cause of decomposition. (8)In other words, the conditions described in the groups last entries had the prerequisites for the buildup of akatabaticwind with devastating effects. Climbing Mount Ararat in Turkey and taking part ofthe story of Noah and his ark have also inspired me to understand the origins of such religious accounts. During the day, the Sun heats such a slope (and the air over it) faster than it does the adjacent atmosphere over a valley or a plain at the same altitude. I tried myself to deliver a complete chain of event of the entire scenario - from the skiing up to the last persons to die in 1959. I hope you don't mind that I have shared your piece with the FB group Dyatlov Pass Incident. The sleeping bags could withstand minus 40 degrees Celsius and this in combination with our emergency bags and shelter in the forest, was at least something. 6) A view from the Dyatlov pass looking down over the frozen western part of the Auspiya valley. I fully understand how difficult is your position but the one who admits is the one you can trust and the future is built with people like you . The rest is guessing based on the usual but often contradictory material. Probably and as their footsteps vaguely demonstrate, they went as tight as possible in order to keep together sometimes venturing apart, likely due to extremely strong winds batteringtheir shoulders. True Niklas, adding the paper of the 15th of February, could create a stronger case. Aftonbladet (Plus) Djatlovmysteriet har gckat vrlden i ver 60 r. In fact, collapsing a tent to reduce the chances of wind damage, followed by a shielding of snow to hold the tent down, is expected in such situations. What is important to know is also that katabatic winds (gravity winds) are much stronger along the slope but not necessarily that strong in the forest. Not the least does this furthermoreindicate that they werent lost the day before when pitching the tent on the slope a sometimes presumed scenario. But perhaps most relevant is the postmortem process that a modern forensic medical studymay interpret differently from that ofVozrozhdenny's examinationin 1959 - see for exampleVladimir Nagaev's study from 2017/18(. 14) Fighting an outside temperature of -43 degrees Celcius from Inside our tent on the slope of Kholat Sayakhl. Not seldom is this a productofthe regionitself -often involvingbiblical traditions and other complex oral- and written traditions from a plethora of cultures passing by. In the search for thesince long deceased, we knowthat the search teamhit quite hard when pushing through the deep snow of the ravine. The katabatic winds are stronger in the Ross Sea sector of Antarctica (Parish & Cassano, 2003) and even though they may play a role in modulating the climatological She is the second person having unexplainable and crushing chest wounds. Yes, it sounds plausible for me as well. 17.00. Actually there was no elaborate plan, except for keeping the woods in mind and to have all gear reachable beside and inside each sleeping bag. 15). However, no matter the experience, people still die when performing extreme ventures like climbing and hiking. Now you know . But, I would say the skies would have made it just fine. With all due respect, there is little in common with Anaris group, which was caught outside, with jackets, shoes, etc, and tried to go "inside", but could not make a comfort "inside" and died from exposure; and Dyatlov's, which did exactly the opposite. A sudden change from strong winds into a fall wind on the slope of Kholat Syakhl, could reasonably have reached wind speeds of about 25-30 m/s. In the case of the Dyatlov group the only survivable scenario would be to run out, conceal the tent and to wait out the ordeal elsewhere, later to regain the buried equipment. samtHufvudstadsbladet-Svensk expedition i Djatlovs fotspr exakt 60 r efter desnatten (13 oktober 2019). Thank you so much Richard. I feel like this theory can be ruled This happenedto be a missunderstandingand not in line with ourtheory. Finally, for the first time in a very long time, I feel confident in the exact events and no longer will I be searching for answers. SR P4 stergtland med Titti Elm De ska vernatta i mystiska Djatlovpasset (intervju med Andreas & Richard infr Dyatlovexpeditionen 2019)23 januari 2019, kl. Photo: Richard Holmgren When the Anaris-group started the trip, they encountered an outside temperature of around minus 15 degrees Celsius (5 degrees Fahrenheit) with a wind speed of around 6 m/s. This particular day the wind accelerated and the physical situation of the group gradually affected their condition. Presumably thewind was already significantbut rather stable during the late afternoon and early evening. The new theory to the causes of the accident at the Dyatlovpass in 1959, put forward below, assumes that the reader is already acquainted with the story at large,the events in the pass, its various theories, group compositionand other details. This could either mean that it was in fact already turned off before found - or simply revived when the switch was tampered with. This year Andrei Kuryakov, for example, explained the problem why the criminal case dates to February 6 which is, as you say, well before they started their search. The young men at the fire must have struggled hard to get a fire going, which wasalso evident from their unsuccessful attempts. (1)Almost twenty years after the accident in the Dyatlov pass, an interesting parallel occurred in north-central Sweden. Thanks! My own experience from such scenario in the mountains, is that when you leave the skis standing outside a house in the snow during strong winds things are usually thrown around, while the skis remain unaffected. 20.00, 2021). April 2019. A first important indication is given by the analysis of the long records of radiosounding data available in Antarctica: katabatic winds and an unsaturated low-level I was wondering about those tilting treeswhy are they tilted that way? Aftonbladet (Plus) Expedition p jakt efter det legendariska mysteriets lsning / valley walls). Hi again David no, dont be sorry I completely understand your point here. Gazeta.ru (Russia) - Dyatlov Pass: Swedes horrified by the skiers' tragedy - presenting new details about the case of the Dyatlov group's death., (15 February 2019), Dayonline.ru (Russia) - I do not want to think about how it must have been: Swedish explorers repeat the Dyatlov group's journey after 60 years and present their own version of the tourists' death., (16 February 2019), Rossija Segodnja (RIA Novosti, Russia) - Swedish researchers report on the phenomenon that killed the Dyatlov group, (17 February 2019), 360tv In Focus (Russia)- Swedish explorers presents a new version of the Dyatlov group's death, (17 February 2019). 18) The retrieved empty bivouac, prepared with branches of fir. They had brought with them food for a days tour, but also rescue packs in the form of wind sacks, radio equipment and shovels. On this site go to Dyatlov case . But due to the dramatic situation, they must have had to decide in an instance. As for the snow dens, in my opinion the deepest one containing the four of the group, was dug out from inside the ravine towards the higher slope in the west. This site is very informative and I would and will recommend it to any of my colleagues wishing to also study this magnificent case. Nu tror schweiziska forskare att de har kommit p en frklaring" (kommentar till nya teorin),29januari 2021. That might have been possible and perhaps could have saved some of them. This is however not a case of whats ante- or postmortem, but rather a result of wishful thinking for sinister minds. "The Barber" has a local reputation for its coldness. It is furthermore often stated that Lyudmila had blood inher stomachand that this would suggest that she was alive when her tongue was injured - or perhaps evenremoved by any ill-meaning force. Thus, this lead toan uneasyfeeling whencrawling out of the sleeping bag,having to put certaincold clothes on before themorning routines. However, seasonal and synoptic modulation in the intensity of the katabatic wind is frequently observed (e.g., Parish et al. This is one of several pertinent questions to consider with dealing with the Dyatlov group fleeing without shoes. Katabatic winds are a common feature of the lower Antarctic atmosphere. To the far right the grave of Z. Kolmogorova decorated with flowers. I have been intrigued with this case for years and decided to revisit recently. I think these actionsareimportant, because many would argue that fleeing from the tent and warmequipmentin such conditions,would mean certain death. It very much resembled the Dyatlov-groupslast approach from the Auspiya valley and up to the ridge next west of the now named Dyatlov pass. This with dignity. Best Sarah! A katabatic wind (named from Ancient Greek (katbasis) 'descent') is a drainage wind, a wind that carries high-density air from a higher elevation down a slope under the force of gravity. See Bedtime Stories and the episode Return to Dead Mountain, "The cultural mechanics of mystery: structures of emotional attraction in competing interpretations of the Dyatlov pass tragedy, "Mechanisms of slab avalanche release and impact in the Dyatlov Pass incident in 1959". This is not forwarded as any criticism to the professional hikers, but something that might have helped them temporarily under any possible turbulent event involving strong winds. Thank you for sharing your experience with all of us. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Katabatic winds have a cooling effect, and chinook winds have a warming effect., For much of South and Southeast Asia, winter is a period characterized by relatively dry conditions., The monsoon circulation system is best developed in Asia. I believe that the three who tried to get back were on the misson to recover some sleeping bags or any kind of useful cover, but too late. u stated that igor dyatlov was found hanging onto a brancn? A wound in his armpit is perhaps a revealing sign of slipping down against branches. Photo: Dyatlov Foundation. Your position of strenght from now on will make you sleep well while they have a nightmare . (Extra material from theSwedish documentary - Mysteriet i Djatlovpasset-based on our expeditionand new theory 2019. And the eventin the Ural Mountainscan in my view perhaps be understood quite rationally. They were likewise eager to experience parts of the Auspiya route and camping at the specific places of the Dyatlov group, such as the slope of Kholat Syakhl. Believing in U.F.Os was a belief at the time . So, in one way it is in support of a gravity wind the question would only be would they stand the strong wind? True, they were a really strong group. Thank you so much for your investigative journalism. I've just created a podcast for an assignment at school based on your magnificent research and theorisation. The last four bodies recovered in early May, 1959. The stove provided good warmth during the nights but mainly to a level of not making equipment and food to freeze. (6) The understanding of the sudden strong winds that surprised and killed the people at Anaris, can be defined as akatabaticwind (from the Greek'skatabatikos, meaning "descending"). Darren, thank you for your input and interest in the theory! Katabatic winds may occur in a large range of spatial and temporal scales. Again, this is very much in line with the katabatic wind theory. Many many thanks Mary! When wewere drying any wet clothes in the tent, we tried to do so during the evening hours while still awake. Not to do so is false science because we are only trying to explain with only what we know and to do so would make us go round and round in circles all the time . It is furthermore often stated that Lyudmila had blood inher stomachand that this would suggest that she was alive when her tongue was injured - or perhaps evenremoved by any ill-meaning force. You can read hiscomprehensiblepresentations on these data in the PDF-abstracts below. Actually and as an ironical coincidence, the Anaris accident likewise involved nine persons, two young women and seven menof which one survived. In this case we are not even talking about the ice sheet over Antarctica, where such winds are normally considered the strongest. It is interesting what you say here, because the question is if it was survivable? -based on our expeditionand new theory 2019. SR P4 stergtland (nyheterna) Allt gick vl i mytomspunna bergspasset (intervju med Andreas & Richard efter Dyatlovexpeditionen 2019)3 februari 2019, kl. Circumstances such as thesemakes clear that it may have beenhard to estimate if certain wounds were ante- or postmortem. . The same is to say about Dubinina, laying close but in a different angle. Svensken: Drfr dog de nio p berget (8 februari 2019) Many thanks!! He was in constant movement and ventured elsewhere, while the rest froze to death. I felt this was lacking and at the time of writing the theory I felt this was a new approach. Photo: Dyatlov Foundation. This is not a wise choice for creating a suitable sleeping surface, but vital to succumb impending winds from above. -on the Swedish Television (SVT-Play). Photo: Dyatlov foundation. Dayonline.ru (Russia) - I do not want to think about how it must have been: Swedish explorers repeat the Dyatlov group's journey after 60 years and present their own version of the tourists' death., (16 February 2019) Hello, it is very interesting your trip and theory and very hard experience you have made sleeping in cold winter on that mountain. The wind is quite extreme. Wolf supports the theory of a katabatic wind scenario at the Dyatlov Pass between 1 and 2 February 1959. I have also explored another good theory and precise explanaiton from Russian man Wladimir P, that has more videos about it on his youtube channel. hen the Anaris-group started the trip, they encountered an outside temperature of around minus 15 degrees Celsius (5 degrees Fahrenheit) with a wind speed of around 6 m/s. At the end of the day its they were met with unexpected, sudden, very bad weather. And, thank you so much for your words about the presented material! Likewise, have our excavations on the Mountain of Aaron (the tomb of Aaronin the ancient city of Petra),brought us closer to the background of why the biblical stories of Moses and his brother Aaron were in fact placedhere. Theyre wrong. Antarctic katabatic winds are strongly modulated by synoptic pressure patterns (e.g., Knuth & Cassano, 2011; Wenta & Cassano, 2020) and in many cases what Richard Holmgren & Andreas Liljegren, Dyatlov Pass, uring the summer of2018, me and my friend and expedition partner Andreas Liljegren, started to plan for our Dyatlov Pass Expedition 2019. Even men called `` of reason`` can start to wander. Good that the outline made sense for you. Only some vodka. Itcan be seen until January 28, 2022 (narrator's voice in Swedish only). This had a potential to turn dangerous sincethe air interacting with the highlands was cooled thus becoming denser than the air at the same elevation but away from the slope. The Anaris groups warming equipment stayed in their backpacks which were not reachable due to their numbhands. Many people have asked us, predominantly in popular media, how the night on the pass underwent and ifwe were scared. This mayalso be important in other circumstancial evidence, since it isnot necessarily or ofcentral importance to weigh ina scenario with an avalanche,"snow-slab " or a tree in the forest,impactingthe tent (which are some of the explanationsfortheir injuries). This low temperature was furthermore complemented by an immense storm - although not being akatabaticwind, it still would have had a force enough to put us in an extremely hazardous situation. Any wounds inflicted by the impact ofa"snow slab", also makes the fleeing of1.5 kilometres down to the forest an overreaction- and an unrealictic featin regardof Tibo-Brignolle with his interpreted deadly blow to the head. The most logical and thorough explanation I read. The other bivouac,retrieved on May 5th, was less evidentbut contained the four lastly recovered bodies. ", 8 March 2021. As long as they were in constant movement, the better. The stone belt below the tent would even have had the potential to cause fractures and open wounds. The sad irony is that the hikers didn't cut the tent for escape from an unknown threat but rather to save it from the deadly winds. Hey, Richard. Snow affected by strong windis also evident in the photos of the three bodies that were buried inthe lower part of the slope. A warm thanks also goes to Dr. Vladimir Borzenkov for rewarding emails back and forth and for your exceptional knowledge on the Dyatlov Pass - down to the smallest of details and notleast for the work you have done on site. SR P3/P4 Vaken med Robert Frank Andreas och Richard vernattade i mystiska Djatlovpasset (intervju med Andreas & Richard efter Dyatlovexpeditionen 2019)10 februari 2019, kl. Photo: Unknown. When we through the Swedish Dead Sea Expeditionfound and excavated the Christian and presumedbishopric of Sodoma, we better came tounderstand the complex narrativeof Sodom and Gomorrah. Even if the pathologist in the Dyatlov case only mentioneda red substance, we can presumethat it in fact was blood as a result of hypothermia. Oh, thank you Gunnar for these words! WebHere, we describe oceanic observations during multiple katabatic wind events during May 2017 in the Terra Nova Bay and Ross Sea polynyas. In the context of adamaged skull, it should also be mentioned that any generatedcrackmay enhancethrough repeated cycles of freezing and thawingbetween the time of recoveryand examination. There are also reports that the flashlight was still in a working condition when lit. For the Swedish reading audience,a summary of the Dyatlov pass incident and the planning of our tripcan be found. The two men must have fought the worst since the making of a bonfire (as a backup to the bivouac solution) would have been a tremendous challenge in the cold strong wind. But, I would also argue that we dont have enough data on this. Sometimes batteries can produce extra juice after lying unused especially on a sunlit slope. As Andreas and I are heavy drinkers (water), it was hard to get sufficient with liquid. Considering the seemingly dimlight (? Cant find anything but I remember reading about it in finnish. However, the interpretation ofa "snow slab" being decisive for the groups demise, I consider secondary. Grazie per le tue parole Erika. is also used. Presentingthese authors, I must add that I never understood TV documentaries, podcasts and other articles putting emphasizein cryptozoology and flying saucers as alternative explanations to the group's death. Secondly,the reason we went to the region during a week in early 2019 -the transition between January and February,was a kind of homage to the events of 1959 and the 60-yearanniversary of the groups passing. I sent to the site MOENJO ( French site ) what I consider to be the answer . In their recent episode Return to Dead Mountain (The Dyatlov Pass Incident - Part 3), their video and Podcast depictsour expedition and new theory of 2019. In a photograph from 1959, Slobodin can be seen posing with a burntjacket. The only problem in this case involvedthe practice of packing down the daily clothing into the sleeping bags during the nightsin order to have warm clothes in the morning. Williwaws originate in the snow and ice fields of the coastal mountains, and they can be faster than 120 knots (140mph; 220km/h).[4]. It is not impossible that the seeminglyenergetic struggle up the slopeby the last survivors, wasa last chanceattemptto fetcheqipment fordigging out their friends. Katabatic winds can rush down elevated slopes at hurricane speeds, but most are not that intense and many a The theory also tries to explain the order in which the different individuals died - how and why and not least the often referred to strange injuries to the bodies. Vetenskapsradion Historia - (direktrapport frn Dyatlovpasset), 5 februari 2019. In some places prints are preserved and in some cases gone with the wind. Before the trip we actually asked ourselves how it would be possible to spend 14 hour inside thetent we can assure the reader that we never touched any of the game boards brought along. That would have been a blow. The persons wearingvalenki (felt boots), like the ones found onThibeaux-Brignolle,would have last muchlonger. Extremely high winds would furthermore make it hard to stand upright. I want to express my deepest gratitude to you Oleg Demyanenko for providing us with equipment and for smoothening out the carpet in all instances. Then - what kind of sudden "blizzard" killed the Anaris group? Thiscould be anythingfrom her last meal to any other substance finding its way down her throat whenpositionedwith her face against running water for many days. In Sweden the tragedy which killed eight people,is often referred to as the Anarisolyckan, which in Swedish can be translated to the accident at Anaris. However, difficult skiing through the day, pitching of the tent, cooking, sawing and chopping wood, made each evening into a sleeping pill itself. It is possible to do that, even though it must have been very hard given the circumstances. Even though the Dyatlov accident could be considered somewhatrecent for an archaeological undertaking - notthe least in the absence offield artefacts- thehistorical event could perhaps beunderstood through indirectartefacts and other circumstantial evidence such as being part of legend making. If the diary indeed belonged to Zolotaryov and a pen was present, itis in stark contrast to his massive chest wounds that many believe made him inoperable. Thanks - Cheers! 10) The chilling temperatures on the 1st of February 2019, between the Dyatlov pass and Kholat Syakhl. Thank you also for your respectful attitude to our expedition and the 1959-group. Was perchance thetent with its concealed equipmentstill in position or blown away? )and last three maybe did not know 4 died in shelter since probably returning to tent for medical aupplies for Georgy/Yuri still alive & exspected of 4 in Den/ bloody knuckles as last 3 and Georgy tore branches from cedar (I think Zina fell for waist injury and hit Rustik & Igor)/and who fell at 15 ftl cliff between slope track & cedar(ice,snow blowing, no gloves,shoes,hats_/and one flashlight left (only 3 for 9 hikers ! Many details are still today being discovered. Your knowledge and effort has been of great benefit foran entireworld. (3)When the Anaris-group started the trip, they encountered an outside temperature of around minus 15 degrees Celsius (5 degrees Fahrenheit) with a wind speed of around 6 m/s. (14)Crawling back under the snow covered tent, if possible at all due to the conditions involving a gravity wind, couldnt have helped them - which they wisely and obviously realized. (10)Thus, my theory to the groups death is based on the sudden event of akatabatic wind. I would say that this was the most important purpose of the stove. The latter place is the name of a rolling terrain that bear much resemblance to the passes south of Otorten in the Urals. That will come. Yes, this would be a problem indeed, but we must be careful here. The message was sent, it will be published after approval. Photos: Dyatlov Foundation / Richard Holmgren. 17) A scattered search team seen below clear patterns of heavily wind swept snow in the direction of the abandoned tent. Thank you so much for your input and insightful comment. Gazeta.ru (Russia) - Dyatlov Pass: Swedes horrified by the skiers' tragedy - presenting new details about the case of the Dyatlov group's death., (15 February 2019) resentingthese authors, I must add that I never understood TV documentaries, podcasts and other articles putting emphasizein cryptozoology and flying saucers as alternative explanations to the group's death. As Yuri D and Yuri K seemed to have died first, there was no chance for them since they were exposed to winds while making the fire. Yes, the group likely had a hard time finding their clothes due to the chaos in the dark. These small changes in air pressure are barely noticeable on the meteorologists' weather maps and could still easily lead to the devastating effects that we have seen in the Anaris accident - for that matter, even during our own night on the slopes of Kholat Syakhl.
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