De Guzman then was put in touch with Brigadier General Jose T. Almonte and Charlie Avila. Read about our approach to external linking. He should find it easy to strike a deal with his own family if the supposed plan to tap Marcos wealth for the poor population is not just another political aspiration. But the court made clear that the rejection would not in any way deny the moral claims of the human rights victims and acknowledges that the human rights victims deserve redress for the grievous wrongs that they suffered.. Bank secrecy had been almost sacred here since it was instituted in the 1930's. We use cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. said Daniel Zuberbuhler, senior director of the Swiss Federal Banking Commission. The first Transfer: 1.1 million troy ounces of gold 1986: the first transfer involved 1.1 million troy ounces of gold (30+ tons) which were deposited in five separate banks. LTO earnings cant be used for plates, licenses, 'For all workers': LRT-2, MRT-3 to give free rides to adults on Labor Day 2023, Railway passengers can save up on their commutecome Monday, with the Light Rail Transit-Line 2 and the Metro Rail Transit-Line 3 both announcing free rides for workers and employees in lieu of the Internationalr. The client is told he owns physical gold and silver but actually only has paper metals. Moving to close loopholes in the country's banking and legal structure as efforts to restore the money stalled, Swiss lawmakers made money laundering a crime for the first time, and overhauled its legislation for assistance to foreign governments seeking return of illicit wealth. [11][12] Upon returning to the Philippine Embassy, the group calls Chairman Salonga and Congressman Cojuangco on the success of the Operation, and rushes to complete the required formal documents. [8] On March 20, 1986, De Guzman receives a call from Irwin Ver who confirms that a meeting has been arranged with the Marcoses - Ferdinand, Imelda and Bongbong - at their temporary lodging in the base housing inside Hickam AFB. [8] The meeting was confirmed by Ms. Ching Escaler, Aquino's Appointments Secretary (and later Philippine Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the UN in Geneva and New York City) on December 29, 1986. Sa artikulo ng New York Times noong 1986, $800 milyong Swiss deposits ang nakapangalan kina Marcos at sa asawa niyang si Imelda, hindi $3 trilyon. [12] Ordoez secretly left Vienna for Zurich then to Manila on the orders of PCGG Chairman Salonga. [25] This led to Senate Blue Ribbon Committee inquiry concluding that Pres. The secret transfer of Marcos gold was initiated by the Union Bank of Switzerland (UBS) as early as 1986. Three vloggers learned the hard way not to stage dangerous pranks for the sake of generating views from the public. For the first time in 60 years, in 2022, Chinas population stopped growing. Add your comment to start the conversation. Max Schaefer, a spokesman for Union Bank of Switzerland, said Castro was talking absolute nonsense.. [5][11][12][15] De Guzman makes Ordoez and Almonte members of the Board of Exportfinanzierungsbank, along with Almonte's former mentor and former Marcos Executive Secretary, Amb. Why would the family think of using that wealth accumulated over 50 years to improve the quality of life of Filipinos? I have two presidents! said former first lady Imelda R. Marcos after her son Ferdinand Bongbong Marcos Jr. presented her last Wednesday his official proclamation as the president-elect by the congressional National Board of Canvassers. While the Philippines was struggling to meet that requirement, years passed and the money sat in Swiss banks, accruing interest as well as fees for bankers, and swelled to some $570 million. Marcos, on his signature verification form, wrote "William Saunders," an alias he had used in his World War II days, and underneath that name he wrote his real name. The FB netizens erroneous video garnered 2.1 million views, 65,000 interactions, and could have reached 24 million people, according to social media monitoring tool CrowdTangle. For context, here are updated excerpts of ourPostscriptof Feb. 1, 2009, titled Given a chance, Imelda vows to banish poverty: If former first lady Imelda R. Marcos were given a chance to access her familys wealth locked in various banks worldwide and pursue her dreams, there would be no more poor Filipinos in about two years! Learn more, Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority, HINDI TOTOO: Sertipiko ng gold bullion deposit ni Marcos sa Banco de Oro, FACT CHECK: Marcos Sr. Letter of Instruction prescribing distribution of gold does not exist, HINDI TOTOO: Binuksan ni Marcos ang mga Swiss bank account bago maging pangulo, Marcos family stored ill-gotten wealth in Switzerland, FACT CHECK: Video doesnt show Ferdinand E. Marcos has China gold account, FACT CHECK: Marcos doesnt have over a million metric tons of gold in banks worldwide. Bankers publicly criticized the move as endangering bank secrecy. Given all this, it is perhaps not surprising that he wants to wind the commission down. Four bank accounts were opened and four checks, totaling US$950,000.00 were deposited. Bongbong, 64, will soon be the president of some 110 million Filipinos reeling from the double whammy of a pandemic and an anemic economy. Swiss banks are also doing all they can to stop clients taking their gold out. Learning of the large sums, said to be siphoned from international financial aid, Japanese war indemnity payments, state monopolies and directly from public and state gold reserves, Swiss Government ministers invoked their emergency powers to freeze the accounts. With your meaningful insights, help shape the stories that can shape the country. 152154. De Guzman was informed by the contacts that the Swiss banks will be moving the Marcos money to various financial institutions to safeguard the deposits and avoid a massive withdrawalwhich the bankers alleged was a dark practice of the Swiss banking system. WebRT @rapplerdotcom: HINDI TOTOO: May gold deposit certificate sina dating pangulong Marcos at Reagan sa Switzerland #FactsFirstPH. Robert Sison, Mrs Marcos' lawyer, fears that is exactly what the commission thinks. [11] After the meeting, Scheller calls on the Swiss Federal Banking Commission that De Guzman was trying to transfer US$213 Million to Vienna. De Guzman presented that they had identified accounts in Credit Suisse amounting to US$213 million, and eleven foundations that held a total of US$4.5 billion in deposits in nine different banks with an additional US$3 billion in precious metals and securities on deposit - or a tentative total of US$7.5 billion. Even if they were, new money laundering regulations now demand that bankers report suspicious transactions. Marcos Jr., who garnered 31,629,783 votes, or 58.77 percent of the 53.8 million votes cast for president last May 9, is scheduled to take his oath on June 30, signaling the familys return to power. The family of Marcos appealed the decision and the funds remained in escrow with PNB until the high court ruled with finality. News articles about the ruling reported that the court ordered the return of around one-fifth of the US$500 million assets, to be placed in an escrow account at the Philippine National Bank. [8] On February 25, 1986, the People Power Revolution brought about the downfall of Pres. He then allegedly shipped it to Switzerland between October 1983 and 1985, one year before he was ousted in the popular uprising that propelled Corazon Aquino to power. (Jan. 15, 2009) On January 12, 2009, Switzerland's Federal Supreme Court ruled that assets deposited by an associate of Ferdinand Marcos, the former president of the Philippines, should be returned to the Philippines. [11] On July 1, 1986, After conferring with his older brother, Congressman Cojuangco presents the options to President Aquino, and a meeting was arranged for General Almonte and De Guzman to orient the President on Operation Big Bird. Rita Gadi: Kalakip sa posts ang link sa bidyo ng dating broadcaster na si Rita Gadi. [12][16], Almonte received a call from Malacaang on December 24, 1986, and was called for a meeting with the President to debrief her on what actually happened in Switzerland and Austria. The secret Swiss deposits, which include funds held in the name of the Xandy and Trinidad foundations and other secret entities, were part of the Marcos monies frozen by the Swiss authorities in 1986 and eventually forfeited in favor of the government by the Philippine Supreme Court in 2003. ECB Deposit Rate to Peak at 3.75% in July. Noong 2009, naibalik sa Pilipinas ang $688 milyong Swiss deposits matapos hatulan ng Federal Supreme Court ng Switzerland ang mga Marcos assets bilang ill-gotten o nakaw na yaman. [7], On December 10, 1997, under the Swiss Federal Act of International Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters (IMAC), the Swiss Federal Supreme Court, issued the final decision to transfer the fund to the Sandiganbayan which now grew to US$540 Million due to interest. Dr. Salvioni questions the urgency of the Filipino team, but was ignored and Ordoez signed the request accordingly. This site uses cookies. SEOUL -- The late Philippine Dictator Ferdinand Marcos has deposited multi-billion-dollar-worth gold bars at a Swiss Bank in the name of the late North Korean leader Kim Il-Sung, a report said Wednesday. A client stores gold in a Swiss bank of the highest reputation. Dozens of flights were canceled while others were delayed due to a power outage at the Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminal 3 early yesterday, the Department of Transportation said. MANILA, Philippines (AP) _ The chairman of the commission trying to recover wealth that Ferdinand Marcos siphoned out of the country claimed Wednesday that the late president also Others are in the National Museum, along with some of Mrs Marcos' gala dresses. Swiss authorities transferred $658 million to PNB in 2002 for safekeeping. This fact check was reviewed by a member of Rapplers research team and a senior editor. Have you seen any dubious claims, photos, memes, or online posts that you want us to verify? Fill out this reader reader request form. [11] On June 26, 1986, De Guzman, Dagher, and Almonte fly to Bern, where the group, through the arrangement made by Amb. Maam just smiled when asked she must have heard the question popped a million times before and said something about some really wealthy people not being able to count their money. WebThe Gold Deposits backed-up were form part from the International Recognized Codename Spiritual Wonder Boy with Account No. AM221-33334 worth total of $ 800, 000, 000, 000, [18], On August 10, 1995, the PCGG filed with the District Attorney in Zurich, Switzerland, an additional request for the immediate transfer of the deposits to an escrow account in the Philippine National Bank (PNB). Wish me well. A TikTok user also shared part of the incorrect video, generating over 95,000 interactions and almost 876,000 views. The Swiss Court in the 1997 ruling also ordered the return of assets to the Philippines, but only if human rights victims of Martial Law were given compensation through judicial proceedings in compliance with principles of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. The case of some $500 million stashed in Swiss banks by the former dictator of the Philippines, Ferdinand Marcos, has prompted reforms that make it harder for corrupt rulers and criminals to stow assets here. By November 3, Imelda returned to Hawaii after Doris Duke posted a US$5 million bail. David Castro, chairman of the Presidential Commission on Good Government (PCGG), was quoted by the Philippine Free Press weekly Monday as saying he had documents showing Marcos took the gold from the Central Bank mint.They were flown to Zurich by a Filipino pilot, he said. [11] On July 6, 1986, De Guzman receives additional information on the newly identified Marcos accounts in Switzerland amounting to US$3 billion in six different banks. Upon arrival at the Embassy, Hoets and the lawyers insisted that the scheduled meeting with the Swiss bankers should only be attended by Ordoez, and that De Guzman and Almonte should not be included. The Swiss high court, which has ruled on the Marcos money nearly 30 times over the past decade, waived the final conviction requirement in December 1997. Banking secrecy remained inviolate as late as 1979, when the Swiss refused to cooperate with Iranian investigators seeking access to accounts of the deposed Shah of Iran. That family moment was captured in his YouTube vlog posted on Saturday. There was an outcry in September when it was revealed that much of the museum's collection had been eaten by termites. At the same time, the law bolstered provisions of a ''due diligence'' rule mandating that banks uncover the actual owner before accepting funds. The lifting enabled the PCGG to identify other Marcos deposits, raising the total of Marcos deposits to $658 million after 25 years. Gloria Arroyo left office in 2010, and has already been accused of corruption as well as a string of other offences. De Guzman, who was in Vienna, frantically tries to track down Dr. Salvioni to no avail. ''Quite a few banks had relations with foreign corrupt dictators. Ferdinand Marcos's Swiss Bank Legacy: Tighter Rules for Despots and Criminals, https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/23/world/ferdinand-marcos-s-swiss-bank-legacy-tighter-rules-for-despots-and-criminals.html. This June 30, another Marcos is set to take over as president. Marcos, his family, and retinue were taken by U.S. Air Force helicopters from the PSG Compound across the Pasig River from Malacaan Palace, and were brought to Clark Air Base. It claimed, among other things: that Marcos and his wife Imelda opened international bank accounts in Switzerland in 1954 and in 1963; that the Marcoses first deposit in these bank accounts was US$68 million; and that the money deposited by the Marcoses did not come from ill-gotten wealth. Pagasa registers 44C in Aparri, Cagayan on May 1, Pagasa says LPA, ITCZ to bring rain to Eastern Visayas, Mindanao, LTO: We cant spend daily collections to purchase plastic ID cards, Estrada expects to be demonized at Senate hearing Thursday, Global Dominions Go Dreamer raffle promo winner announced, PH not staging post for foreign powers Marcos, This vivo phone will kickstart your career as a content creator, AIA Philippines Lifehackers 2022 presents more innovative insurance solutions, Review of 1951 defense pact with US tops Marcos-Biden agenda, Liza Soberano named one of Hollywoods exciting young actors by US magazine. [12], The Chaves Report suggested that the Philippine Government would have immediately recovered the $213 million in July 1986 from Credit Suisse and its affiliates had the operation not been stopped by PCGG Chairman Salonga and Solicitor-General Ordoez, and that this would have "paved the way to the recovery of the other deposits of the Marcoses with the Swiss banks" which was estimated by the Chaves Report to be at least $3 billion. Bongbong orients De Guzman on their contact in Credit Suisse, Ernst Scheller, and told him to get in touch with the gentleman once they enter Switzerland. In the space left blank for exemplary damages, the foreman had scrawled $US1.2 billion$US200 million more than Swift had requested. Ordoez postpones the meeting until the next day. The next day they were flown to Guam. ECB Deposit Rate to Peak at 3.75% in July. Author is onTwitteras@FDPascual. Aquino approved the plan, and Operation Big Bird finally commenced with De Guzman, Almonte, being joined by Solicitor-General Sedfrey Ordoez. FACT: Marcos created a bank account at Credit Suisse on March 20, 1968 under the fake name William Saunders. [9][14] Almonte and De Guzman are left in Vienna without an idea as to what happened to the Solicitor-General, and frantically search Vienna for the Filipino official, until confirming on July 10 that Ordoez was already in Manila. ''Many times I've wondered if the money would be transferred before I took my pension,'' Mr. Cosandey said in an interview in his Zurich office. What the Swiss Supreme Court did was a breakthrough. The issue came to the fore again late last year, when Mrs Marcos' former aide, Vilma Bautista, appeared in a New York court charged with illegally selling a Monet painting. "[5] On March 1, 1986, De Guzman returned to Vienna and meets Dagher who updates him on the various reactions in the Swiss banking community regarding the recent developments in Manila. [3] Initially, Operation Big Bird did not recover any money with two differing reports by Representative Victorio Chaves and Senator Jovito Salonga. Will there be a golden age for Philippine labor? Almonte returns to Vienna that night and briefly updates Ordoez on what has transpired in Bern. As for Mrs Marcos, she is now in her 80s but still as strong and flamboyant as ever - and still a keen art collector. CLAIM: It is a custom for banks in Switzerland to have identities of account owners hidden under pseudonyms. So what happened to rest of the Marcos collection? $658 million Marcos Swiss accounts, frozen in 1986 and which the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Philippines (2003) $3.2 million Swiss deposits of The Federal Tribunal said it was against Swiss interests ''to serve as a safe haven'' for funds of an ''apparently shady origin.'' 02 May 2023 00:20:42 Aquino's Vice President, Salvador Laurel would reflect that this their administration's greatest failure. 2, freezing all Marcos assets in the Philippines. This needs context. Marcos died in exile in Hawaii in September 1989. "Our intelligence people there (in Switzerland) are saying that there are gold deposits in Kloten, the airport that is the counterpart of our bonded warehouse," Castro said. Sign in to listen to groundbreaking journalism. However, by 2005, the Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism (PCIJ) reports that the portion of the money was diverted by the Arroyo administration for the President's campaign during the 2004 elections. On appeal by the Marcoses, the Swiss Federal Supreme Court, in a decision dated December 10, 1997, upheld the ruling of the District Attorney of Zurich granting the request for the transfer of the funds. And most of all, they had the Power of Attorney from the Marcoses. I agree to the Terms of Use and acknowledge that I have read the Privacy Policy. Source: Bloomberg survey of economists conducted April 21-26. Later she opened two big rooms where voluminous documents were neatly arranged on long tables. Sandiganbayan; July 15, 2003, Efforts to Recover Assets Looted by Ferdinand Marcos of the Philippines (background paper), International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR) September 2007, Construction of "edifice complex" projects, Philippine economic history during the Marcos dictatorship, Philippine military history during the Marcos dictatorship, Japanese Official Development Assistance scandal, Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree, The Conjugal Dictatorship of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos, Subversive Lives: A Family Memoir of the Marcos Years, Sa ikauunlad ng bayan, disiplina ang kailangan, Historical distortion regarding Ferdinand Marcos, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operation_Big_Bird&oldid=1127319896, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from June 2010, All articles needing additional references, Use Philippine English from November 2022, All Wikipedia articles written in Philippine English, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 14 December 2022, at 02:10. It seems there is no stopping Filipinos from pursuing entrepreneurship. [8] At the meeting, De Guzman shared the news that the Swiss banks will make a move on their account. When he asks to inspect the gold, he is told that he cant. MANILA -- The gold bars owned by the family of the late President Ferdinand Marcos, which President Rodrigo Duterte said they were willing to return to the government, could actually be certificates used for trade, Senator Panfilo Lacson said Wednesday. At that time, gold was priced at $420 per ounce (versus $1,856 yesterday, May 30, according to MONEX Live Gold Spot Prices). FDJP was to act on the request, and by Monday, July 7, have the Zurich Court execute a transfer instruction to the Swiss banks. Ayon sa sertipiko, $3 trilyon ang halaga ng gintong deposito. He will have to quickly generate jobs to ease the 5.8 percent unemployment rate (in March), tame inflation which stands at 3.7 percent (January-April), stimulate small and medium enterprises with priority policies, boost food production and take other urgent measures. Complicating the return was a tangled series of rulings by American courts, dealing with claims by victims of persecution under Marcos, as well as an Atlanta-based company that claimed the former dictator stole a solid gold statute of Buddha found by a treasure hunter. But the Marcos fortune was different because of its size and the embarrassment to the Swiss from the lengthy efforts of the country's Government to retrieve it. WebTrial deposits. But the aide, who offered the copy of the UBS account certificate to ***Munhwa,*** said he was not sure of a deal between the two dictators. Philstar.com is one of the most vibrant, opinionated, discerning communities of readers on cyberspace. We posed next to a painting. Ang original poster ay mayroon ding 4,100 followers. Ito ang kaparehong Rita Gadi na tinutukoy sa artikulo ng VERA Files na naiugnay sa pagpapakalat ng maling impormasyon sa pamilyang Marcos. See the article in its original context from. I asked him if he thought that some of these artworks were still in the hands of Imelda Marcos herself (her husband Ferdinand died in 1989). [11] Marcos' Swiss lawyers submit copies of the revocation to the Swiss authorities. Ayon din sa talaan ng World Gold Council, kasalukuyang mayroong 1,040 metric tons ng gold reserves lamang ang Switzerland. If neither of the above methods is successful, you may be able to link your external account by verifying trial deposits. Ascalon informs the new Philippine government recovery team that the three Swiss lawyers of the PCGG and a gentleman by the name of Pieter Hoets was waiting at the Philippine Embassy. [5], The banks, financial institutions and other companies that dealt with the Marcos wealth and assets were held in various countries, namely:[5][6]. The letter arrived at the FDJP with 15 minutes to spare before the 6:00 pm deadline. FACT: Marcos and his wife deposited four checks worth US$950,000 when they opened four new Credit Suisse accounts on March 20-21,1968, as cited in a 2016 Marcos as legal counsel for TVM-LSM-666. [2] Jovito Salonga, who by 1989 was already the Senate President, and Ordoez who became Justice Secretary, have fully denied these accusations. Or if a fair deal is struck with the government. Sergio Salvioni, Guy Fontanet, and Moritz Leuenberger, to handle its case. PNB then placed the money in various banks in Singapore, including the branch of WestLB, and in Britain. In August 2012, Singapores High Court dismissed rival claims and ruled that Marcos deposits in WestLB rightfully belonged to PNB. U.S. Customs officers take 5 hours to go over the 278 crates that group brought along with them. DID MARCOS SMUGGLE CACHE OF GOLD BARS TO SWITZERLAND. PCGGs David Castro announced that 325 metric tons of gold valued at $3.5 billion, which had been smuggled out of the Philippines by Marcos, had been found in Switzerland. He said that when the Swiss government agreed to repatriate the Swiss money, it was on the condition that the human rights victims are compensated.. But daughter Imee Marcos, now governor of Ilocos, when asked, denied any knowledge of it. To find out more, please click this link. [18], Also in 1997 the Philippine Senate's Blue Ribbon Committee and the House of Representatives' Committee on Good Government, would again review the saga of Operation Big Bird, with the same conclusion. (Is this another Marcos aspiration? Castro claimed the gold is held by the Union Bank of Switzerland in Zurich, and produced certificates from a Manila firm, Tamaraw Security Services Inc., saying it assisted in the transfer, and from an unnamed Philippine Airlines pilot who Castro claims flew the gold to Switzerland. Not surprisingly perhaps, Imelda's shoes are the part of the collection that is best accounted for. WebAugust 2, 2001 - 0:0. Please abide by Rappler's commenting guidelines. Sa isang artikulo ng Associated Press noon pang 1991, pinabulaanan mismo ng mga kinauukulan sa Switzerland ang pagdadala umano ni Marcos ng 320 toneladang ginto sa bansa. The judges approved returning the funds if the Philippine Government would guarantee that its courts would observe international human rights standards in deciding who gets the money. The off-base call was made to avoid possible wire taps or listening devices. Scheller replied by telex from Credit Suisse, but informs De Guzman that the freeze order is still in place. FACT: The Swiss Federal Court issued in 1990 a conditional ruling on the US$356 million of funds in its banks and in 1997 it affirmed that Marcos frozen assets that had grown to over US$500 million due to interest and other accrued amounts were of tortious origin or wealth caused by an act that has harmed others. President Aquino signed into law the Human Rights Victim Reparation and Recognition Act of 2013 on Feb. 25 last year, but its implementing rules and regulations cannot be formulated without a claims board. He is not quite ready to admit defeat - he suggests the Department of Justice still continues to investigate - but when I asked him if he thought the whole Marcos collection would ever be recovered, he paused for a while, then laughed softly. [8][11][12], On July 8, 1986, The Judge of Instructions in Zurich ordered Credit Suisse to release and transfer the defreezed Marcos deposits to the account of the Philippine Government in Exportfinanzierungsbank in Vienna. [12] Ordoez however made a turn around, in fear of the money being diverted from Vienna to a Marcos-favored destination. [Yesterday, September 2, 2017, the price was around $1,325 per ounce.] "Operation Big Bird" (Filipino: Oplan Big Bird) was the attempt of the Philippine Government during the presidency of Corazon Aquino to recover the alleged US$7.5 billion of hidden accounts and assets of President Ferdinand Marcos and his family in the Swiss banks. Another video clip in Bongbongs vlog showed him holding a wine glass and telling his 92-year-old mother, Sa inyo naman ni Daddy lahat ito eh. (All of these are for you and Daddy.). The original video by the three-year-old FB page Katipunan ng Demokratikong Pilipino, meanwhile, got 28,000 interactions. Confucius said: Choose a job you love and you will never have to work a day in your life. After more than a quarter of a century of being with the Lopez group, I must admit, the quote resonates with Its long been planned and considered and now its finally coming into fruition. Copyright 2023. This prompts De Guzman to head to Manila to present his plans for Operation Big Bird to the new Philippine Government. The money had been deposited by four Marcos-controlled foundations, based in Liechtenstein and Panama, in branches of major Swiss banks, Credit Suisse and the Swiss Banking Corporation. Imelda Marcos: a name synonymous with wealth, greed and excess. The commission admitted that all four were on a list of 146 paintings once owned by the Marcoses which they had not been able to track down. I asked. Sign up now! Twenty-two crates contained more than Php27.7 million in newly minted currency, mostly hundred-peso denominations worth approximately US$1,270,000.00[5] There were other certificates of deposit from Philippine banks worth about US$1 million, five handguns, 154 videotapes, seventeen cassette tapes, and 2,068 pages of documents - all of which were impounded by Customs. [26][27], Political and government sector opposition. Ordoez instructed the Swiss lawyers, without informing Almonte and De Guzman, to request the FDJP and Credit Suisse to direct the transfer of the monies to a new destination, the newly opened account of the Philippine Government within the said bank. They could be anywhere," Mr Bautista said. Email:[emailprotected]. VideoOn board the worlds last surviving turntable ferry, I didnt think make-up was made for black girls, Why there is serious money in kitchen fumes.
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